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How a fact becomes a settlement

Prediction markets pay out real money on yes/no questions about the world. Someone has to determine the answer, correctly, every time, and stand behind it with an auditable record — like a ratings agency for events. Here is how that determination gets made, walked through one example: resolving a market on whether a drug’s trial met its goal.

01Monitoring

Primary sources are monitored continuously.

Before any market exists, the monitoring layer is already tracking every trial across its whole life: registrations, status and enrollment changes, timeline shifts, amendments, and eventually the data. Thousands of events pour in; only a handful matter, and one of them will decide a market that doesn't exist yet. The counter below is one day's intake.

MONITORING · LAST 24 HRS
0+12Trial updates
0+47Press releases
0−4Sci. abstracts
0+8Reg. filings
0+2Relevant events
02Curation

Candidates are evaluated before any market lists.

A surfaced candidate is weighed against curation considerations developed with domain experts. These are not rules and remain provisional: they describe what tends to make a stronger candidate, not a checklist every market must pass. AppliedXL scores the strength and puts candidates forward; the exchange's markets team decides what lists.

Candidate A · a late-stage trial with a clear pass/fail goal
Fixed design Recruitment complete Established sponsor Clear decision window
Candidate B · a trial whose goals can change partway through
Fixed design Recruitment complete Established sponsor Clear decision window
Candidate C · unclear whether it's finished, and no firm result date
Fixed design Recruitment complete Established sponsor Clear decision window
03The contract

The resolution criteria are locked when the market opens.

A candidate that passes becomes a listed contract. Every market follows the same template, filled in per event. It reads as a question; underneath, it points to a public document, the primary endpoint registered before the trial began. Tap the card.

Exchange · TRIALRESULTSLive
Will [Drug] for [Disease] meet primary endpoints in its Phase 3 clinical trial by [Date]?
41¢Tap for resolution basis →
How it resolves · locked when the market opened
Source of truthThe trial's registered protocol (public record)
Bar to clearBoth primary endpoints met: Overall Survival and Response Rate
What countsThe sponsor's reported endpoint results, not the headline
By whenReported on or before the deadline set at listing
◆ Endpoints locked at listing — later protocol changes don't move the bar
04The fact-check

Information that can resolve the market is checked against the locked criteria.

A readout lands with a triumphant headline. A keyword-matching bot reads "transformative success" and resolves the market YES, paying out millions. It's actually NO. Here is what the headline hides, and what a careful read catches.

Company disclosure · detected Jul 1 2026
"Pivotal trial delivers transformative results, marking a potential new standard of care."

…median overall survival did not reach statistical significance (HR 0.91, p = 0.14) versus the control arm…

Resolution check Tracking resolution
Baseline · locked at listing Reported · what came in Resolution
05Sign-off

A specialist signs the resolution, and the exchange validates it.

The pipeline produces a suggested resolution and the evidence behind it. A specialist reviews both and signs, writing a time-stamped audit trail. That signed resolution is then issued to the exchange as a signal, not a settlement: the exchange validates it before any contract pays out.

Monitoring
Curation
Contract
locked
Fact-check
decisive
Sign-off
Exchange
Market Outcome ReviewReviewer · biopharma desk
Suggested resolution
NO — 2 of 3 criteria met; a required endpoint missed
Signing is attributable and final. Reviewers may NOT hold positions in any market they adjudicate.
Audit trail · AppliedXL · immutableISSUED
sourceprimary records captured · registry + sponsor disclosure (sha256 7b1d…)
checkedeach criterion matched against the record · verdict decisive
signedreviewer confirmed · no override
issuedsigned resolution + evidence trail → exchange
▼ handed to the exchange
Exchange validation · independentSETTLED
receivedexchange ingests the signal + evidence
validatedindependent review · challenge window opens before finalization
settledexchange finalizes · contracts pay out NO
APPLIEDXL RESOLUTION

Every settlement, this defensible.

Source-linked resolution for event markets — from continuous monitoring to a signed, auditable record.